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	<title>Comments for ViroBlogy</title>
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	<link>http://rybicki.wordpress.com</link>
	<description>Up-to-date Virology-related posts</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Fri, 12 Apr 2013 07:54:36 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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		<title>Comment on A Brief History of Influenza by David Horscroft</title>
		<link>http://rybicki.wordpress.com/2013/04/05/a-brief-history-of-influenza-2/#comment-7215</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[David Horscroft]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 12 Apr 2013 07:54:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://rybicki.wordpress.com/2013/04/05/a-brief-history-of-influenza-2/#comment-7215</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I&#039;d love to give it a read!]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;d love to give it a read!</p>
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		<title>Comment on A Brief History of Influenza by A Brief History of Influenza &#124; ViroBlogy</title>
		<link>http://rybicki.wordpress.com/2012/09/10/a-brief-history-of-influenza/#comment-7187</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[A Brief History of Influenza &#124; ViroBlogy]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Apr 2013 09:16:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://rybicki.wordpress.com/?p=1547#comment-7187</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[...] See on rybicki.wordpress.com [...]]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] See on rybicki.wordpress.com [...]</p>
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		<title>Comment on A Brief History of Influenza by A Brief History of Influenza &#124; Virology News &#124; Scoop.it</title>
		<link>http://rybicki.wordpress.com/2012/09/10/a-brief-history-of-influenza/#comment-7186</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[A Brief History of Influenza &#124; Virology News &#124; Scoop.it]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Apr 2013 09:16:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://rybicki.wordpress.com/?p=1547#comment-7186</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[...] I am TRYING to write an eBook on influenza, which stubbornly refuses to be finished - as part of a sabbatical project, which finished in December 2010. So, like my History of Virology, I am triall...&#160; [...]]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] I am TRYING to write an eBook on influenza, which stubbornly refuses to be finished &#8211; as part of a sabbatical project, which finished in December 2010. So, like my History of Virology, I am triall&#8230;&nbsp; [...]</p>
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		<title>Comment on The origin of HIV: still so much garbage out there by Ed Rybicki</title>
		<link>http://rybicki.wordpress.com/2012/02/20/the-origin-of-hiv-still-so-much-garbage-out-there/#comment-7185</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Ed Rybicki]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Apr 2013 08:09:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://rybicki.wordpress.com/?p=1067#comment-7185</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I must admit, I was going to delete this...but then I realised that&#039;s why I posted the particular article, so thanks for the opportunity!

In the first place, there was NEVER the possibility that &quot;AIDS&quot; (you mean HIV) was made in America.  While the condition known as AIDS was first described from the USA, the virus was in fact first described from France - and pretty much all in the same year, from the USA and UK as well.  Moreover, when people went looking for HIV and related simian immunodeficiency viruses in Africa and elsewhere, it quickly became apparent that:
1) there was considerably greater viral diversity in Africa than anywhere else in humans
2) there were a LOT of SIVs in Africa, in a lot of different monkeys - and two of them were most closely related to HIV-1 (from chimps) and HIV-2 (from sooty mangabeys), indicating that is where those viruses came from.

More molecular archeology followed, and it was shown that archived blood samples from as long ago as 1959 contained HIV-1 (from Kinshasa, DR Congo), indicating it entered humans before then - which was WAY before anyone had discovered retroviruses, let alone the kinds of skills and reagents necessary to deliberately make recombinant retroviruses.  It is also obvious from HIV sequence analysis that the viruses are NOT recombinants of anything else - although they do recombine like rabbits with each other.

Further sequence analysis has shown that HIV has probably been in humans from early in the 20th century, in West Africa, and there was a slow expansion of the number of infected people, before modern transport modalities allowed the explosive spread that was seen from the 1980s.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I must admit, I was going to delete this&#8230;but then I realised that&#8217;s why I posted the particular article, so thanks for the opportunity!</p>
<p>In the first place, there was NEVER the possibility that &#8220;AIDS&#8221; (you mean HIV) was made in America.  While the condition known as AIDS was first described from the USA, the virus was in fact first described from France &#8211; and pretty much all in the same year, from the USA and UK as well.  Moreover, when people went looking for HIV and related simian immunodeficiency viruses in Africa and elsewhere, it quickly became apparent that:<br />
1) there was considerably greater viral diversity in Africa than anywhere else in humans<br />
2) there were a LOT of SIVs in Africa, in a lot of different monkeys &#8211; and two of them were most closely related to HIV-1 (from chimps) and HIV-2 (from sooty mangabeys), indicating that is where those viruses came from.</p>
<p>More molecular archeology followed, and it was shown that archived blood samples from as long ago as 1959 contained HIV-1 (from Kinshasa, DR Congo), indicating it entered humans before then &#8211; which was WAY before anyone had discovered retroviruses, let alone the kinds of skills and reagents necessary to deliberately make recombinant retroviruses.  It is also obvious from HIV sequence analysis that the viruses are NOT recombinants of anything else &#8211; although they do recombine like rabbits with each other.</p>
<p>Further sequence analysis has shown that HIV has probably been in humans from early in the 20th century, in West Africa, and there was a slow expansion of the number of infected people, before modern transport modalities allowed the explosive spread that was seen from the 1980s.</p>
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		<title>Comment on The origin of HIV: still so much garbage out there by Chase</title>
		<link>http://rybicki.wordpress.com/2012/02/20/the-origin-of-hiv-still-so-much-garbage-out-there/#comment-7181</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Chase]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Apr 2013 00:31:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://rybicki.wordpress.com/?p=1067#comment-7181</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This is a good article. I was wondering how or what debunked the possibility of AIDS being made in America?]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This is a good article. I was wondering how or what debunked the possibility of AIDS being made in America?</p>
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		<title>Comment on A life in Virology by Ed Rybicki</title>
		<link>http://rybicki.wordpress.com/2012/02/15/a-life-in-virology/#comment-7174</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Ed Rybicki]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 02 Apr 2013 08:26:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://rybicki.wordpress.com/?p=1032#comment-7174</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Thank you!  I will send it on.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thank you!  I will send it on.</p>
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		<title>Comment on A life in Virology by Professor Jane Longmore</title>
		<link>http://rybicki.wordpress.com/2012/02/15/a-life-in-virology/#comment-7168</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Professor Jane Longmore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 28 Mar 2013 21:41:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://rybicki.wordpress.com/?p=1032#comment-7168</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I am delighted to hear that Professor Keith Dumbell managed to reach his 90th birthday - and hopefully continues to thrive. He was a close family friend in his days at the University of Liverpool. Please send him our best wishes. Jane Longmore (nee Morgan).]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I am delighted to hear that Professor Keith Dumbell managed to reach his 90th birthday &#8211; and hopefully continues to thrive. He was a close family friend in his days at the University of Liverpool. Please send him our best wishes. Jane Longmore (nee Morgan).</p>
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		<title>Comment on Maize streak virus revisited: 25 years on by Maize streak virus revisited: 25 years on &#124; Virology News &#124; Scoop.it</title>
		<link>http://rybicki.wordpress.com/2013/03/20/maize-streak-virus-revisited-25-years-on/#comment-7120</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Maize streak virus revisited: 25 years on &#124; Virology News &#124; Scoop.it]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 20 Mar 2013 13:03:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://rybicki.wordpress.com/?p=1630#comment-7120</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[...] Twenty-five years ago, I wrote a brash, na&#239;ve little piece entitled &quot;Maize streak virus virus: an African pathogen come home?&quot; for the South African Journal of Science, laying claim to a virus that we had just started working on &#8211;Maize streak virus (MSV) &#8211; on the basis that it had first been described from this country in 1901, that it was endemic here, and that it still caused major crop losses...&#160; [...]]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Twenty-five years ago, I wrote a brash, na&iuml;ve little piece entitled &quot;Maize streak virus virus: an African pathogen come home?&quot; for the South African Journal of Science, laying claim to a virus that we had just started working on &ndash;Maize streak virus (MSV) &ndash; on the basis that it had first been described from this country in 1901, that it was endemic here, and that it still caused major crop losses&#8230;&nbsp; [...]</p>
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		<title>Comment on Maize streak virus revisited: 25 years on by Maize streak virus revisited: 25 years on &#124; Virology and Bioinformatics from Virology.ca &#124; Scoop.it</title>
		<link>http://rybicki.wordpress.com/2013/03/20/maize-streak-virus-revisited-25-years-on/#comment-7119</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Maize streak virus revisited: 25 years on &#124; Virology and Bioinformatics from Virology.ca &#124; Scoop.it]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 20 Mar 2013 13:02:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://rybicki.wordpress.com/?p=1630#comment-7119</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[...] Twenty-five years ago, I wrote a brash, na&#239;ve little piece entitled &quot;Maize streak virus virus: an African pathogen come home?&quot; for the South African Journal of Science, laying claim to a virus that we had just started working on &#8211;Maize streak virus (MSV) &#8211; on the basis that it had first been described from this country in 1901, that it was endemic here, and that it still caused major crop losses....&#160; [...]]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Twenty-five years ago, I wrote a brash, na&iuml;ve little piece entitled &quot;Maize streak virus virus: an African pathogen come home?&quot; for the South African Journal of Science, laying claim to a virus that we had just started working on &ndash;Maize streak virus (MSV) &ndash; on the basis that it had first been described from this country in 1901, that it was endemic here, and that it still caused major crop losses&#8230;.&nbsp; [...]</p>
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		<title>Comment on 14 adults ‘cured’ of killer HIV virus [NOT!!] by Ed Rybicki</title>
		<link>http://rybicki.wordpress.com/2013/03/16/14-adults-cured-of-killer-hiv-virus-not/#comment-7103</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Ed Rybicki]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 16 Mar 2013 15:40:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://rybicki.wordpress.com/2013/03/16/14-adults-cured-of-killer-hiv-virus-not/#comment-7103</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Stephen: well said!  Another thoughtful and measured comment, thank you.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Stephen: well said!  Another thoughtful and measured comment, thank you.</p>
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